Isixhobo sokugrumba sisixokelelwano esidityanisiweyo esomba amaqula, anje ngeoyile okanye irhasi, kwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba.
Izixhobo zokugrumba zinokuba zizakhiwo ezikhulu izixhobo zezindlu ezisetyenziselwa ukwemba amaqula e-oyile, okanye amaqula okutsalwa kwerhasi yendalo, izixhobo zokugrumba zinokusampula iidiphozithi zeminerali engaphantsi komhlaba, ilitye lokuvavanya, umhlaba kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo zamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukufakela ubuqhetseba obungaphantsi komhlaba, obunje. njengezixhobo eziphantsi komhlaba, izixhobo, itonela okanye amaqula. Izixhobo zokomba zinokuba zizixhobo ezihambayo ezixhonywe kwiilori, iitreyila okanye iitreyila, okanye umhlaba osisigxina okanye izakhiwo ezisekelwe elwandle (ezifana namaqonga e-oyile, adla ngokubizwa ngokuba 'yi-offshore oil rigs' nokuba azinayo i-drilling rig).
Izixhobo zokomba ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi ziyahamba, ezifana nezo zisetyenziswa ekugrumbeni izimbiwa, umngxuma wokuqhushumba, iqula lamanzi kunye nophando lokusingqongileyo. Izixhobo ezinkulu ziyakwazi ukugrumba kumawaka eemitha zoqweqwe loMhlaba, zisebenzisa "iimpompo zodaka" ezinkulu ukujikeleza udaka lokugrumba (udaka) ngokusebenzisa i-drill bit kunye nokunyusa i-casing annulus, ukupholisa kunye nokususa "ukusika" ngelixa iqula likhona. yombiwa.
Iihoists kwirigi zinokuphakamisa amakhulu eetoni zombhobho. Ezinye izixhobo zinokunyanzela iasidi okanye isanti kwimithombo ukuze kube lula ukutsalwa kweoyile okanye igesi yendalo; kwaye kwiindawo ezikude kunokubakho indawo yokuhlala esisigxina kunye nokutya kwabasebenzi (abanokuba ngaphezu kwekhulu).
Iirigi zaselunxwemeni zinokusebenza amawaka eemayile kude ukusuka kwindawo yonikezelo ngokujikeleziswa kwabasebenzi okungaqhelekanga okanye umjikelo.
Sinokubonelela ngee-rigs drilling ukusuka kwi-500-9000 yeemitha ubunzulu, zombini ziqhutywa yitafile ejikelezayo kunye nenkqubo yokuqhubela phambili, Kubandakanya i-skid mounted rig, i-rig efakwe kwi-rig, i-workover rig kunye ne-offshore rig.
