Imakethi yeenkqubo zokuqhuba eziphakamileyo kwihlabathi kulindeleke ukuba ibone ukukhula okubonakalayo kwixesha lengqikelelo ngenxa yokukhula kokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokwanda kwemfuno yeerig zeoyile.Zisetyenziselwa ukugaya iirigi ngenxa yoncedo lwazo ekuhambeni ngokuthe nkqo kweederricks.Isetyenziselwa ukuququzelela inkqubo yokomba yequla njengoko ibonelela ngetorque kumtya wokugrumba, kunye nokwenza inkqubo yokomba ibe lula.Iinkqubo eziphezulu zokuqhuba ziziindidi ezimbini, ezizezi, ihydraulic kunye neyombane.Imakethi yenkqubo yombane ephezulu inesabelo esikhulu semalike iyonke ngenxa yokhuseleko olungcono kunye neempawu zokuthembeka.Izinto eziqhuba intengiso yenkqubo yokuqhuba iphezulu kukwandisa uphononongo kunye nemisebenzi yemveliso, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji, ukunyuka kwemfuno yamandla evela kuqoqosho olusakhulayo kunye neenkxalabo zokhuseleko ezidityaniswa neenzuzo zorhwebo nezobuchwephesha ezibonelelwa ngabo.
Imarike yeenkqubo zokuqhuba okuphezulu kulindeleke ukuba iqhubele phambili nokungqina ukukhula okuphezulu ngenxa yokutshintshwa kwetafile ejikelezayo ngenxa yamacandelo amade okomba.Ngelixa itheyibhile ejikelezayo exhotyiswe i-rig iyakwazi ukugrumba amacandelo angama-30 ft, i-top drive system exhotyiswe i-rig inokwemba i-60 ukuya kwi-90 ft.Inciphisa amathuba okuba umbhobho wokomba wenze uqhagamshelo kunye nequla ngokubonelela ngamacandelo amade.Ukusebenza kwexesha lolunye uncedo olunxulumene nalo.Ngelixa izixhobo zetafile ezijikelezayo zifuna ukurhoxiswa komtya opheleleyo kwiqula, inkqubo ephezulu yokuqhuba ayifuni ukusebenza okunjalo.Indlela yayo ivumela ukucuthwa kwexesha elibalulekileyo, kungoko iyenza ithandeke ngakumbi kukhokelela kukwamkelwa okubanzi.
Imarike yeenkqubo zokuqhuba okuphezulu inokwahlulwa ngokwesiseko sohlobo lwemveliso ngokuxhomekeke kumalungu asetyenzisiweyo kubandakanya umbane kunye nehydraulic.Imarike yehydraulic inesabelo esincinci xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zombane.Oku kungenxa yokungabikho kwerhasi ekhutshwayo eyingozi ngenxa yokungasetyenziswa kolwelo olusebenza ngoxinzelelo lwendalo.Ngokwesiseko sokusetyenziswa, imarike yenkqubo yokuqhuba iphezulu inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini ezibandakanya unxweme kunye nokwemba elunxwemeni.Ukugrumba elunxwemeni kukongamele imarike yenkqubo yokuqhuba ephezulu yehlabathi ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamasimi aselunxwemeni xa kuthelekiswa neeprojekthi ezingaphesheya.Iirigi zaselunxwemeni zifuna izixhobo eziphucukileyo nezichanekileyo zenza ukuba ibe yimali eninzi kakhulu.Ngaphezu koko, ezi zixhobo zibandakanya ubunzima obuninzi kunye neemfuno zenkonzo, xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zaselwandle.Isabelo semakethi yokugrumba elwandle kulindeleke ukuba sinyuke ngexesha lentelekelelo ngenxa yenani elingakumbi loovimba abavela kulwandle olukhulu.
Ngokwesiseko sejografi, imarike yeenkqubo zokuqhuba eziphezulu zinokuhlulwa kwiAsia Pacific, eYurophu, kuMntla Merika, eLatin America, kuMbindi Mpuma kunye naseAfrika.UMntla Merika ubambe esona sabelo sikhulu kwimakethi ephezulu yenkqubo yokuqhuba ngenxa yenani elingakumbi lamasimi emveliso kwimimandla yase-US naseMexico.IYurophu ilandele uMntla Melika ngenxa yokuba iRussia ingoyena msombi we-oyile ekrwada nerhasi, ibambe esona sabelo sikhulu kwimakethi yaseYurophu.I-Kuwait, iSaudi Arabia kunye ne-Iran yayingamazwe aphambili aqhuba inkqubo yokukhula kwenkqubo yokuqhubela phambili kwemarike kuMbindi Mpuma ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezixhobo zemveliso elunxwemeni kulo mmandla.Ngelixa, eAfrika, iNigeria ililizwe eliphambili ngenxa yobukho bendawo yokomba ngendlela efanayo, eLatin America, iVenezuela ibambe uninzi lweeprojekthi zophononongo.I-Indonesia, iMalaysia, iSingapore, iVietnam kunye neBrunei inezabelo ezininzi kwingingqi yeAsia Pacific.Nangona kunjalo, i-China kulindeleke ukuba ivele njengemakethi ebalulekileyo kwixesha eliqikelelwayo, ngenxa yokugcinwa kweoyile enokuthi ichongwe kuLwandle lwase China.
Abadlali abaphambili ababandakanyekayo kwimakethi ephezulu yeenkqubo zokuqhuba kubandakanya i-US esekwe kwi-Oilwell Varco yeSizwe, iCameron International Corporation, iCanrig Drilling Technology Limited, iAxon Energy Products kunye neTesco Corporation.Abanye abadlali baquka i-Canada esekelwe kwi-Warrior Manufacturing Service Limited kunye neQela eliPhambili;Inkampani yaseNorway i-Aker Solutions AS, inkampani yaseJamani iBentec GMBH Drilling & Oilfield Systems, kunye nenkampani yaseTshayina iHonghua Group Ltd.
Phakathi kwezi, iNational Oilwell Varco liqumrhu lamazwe ngamazwe elizinze eHouston, eTexas, elibonelela kwiimfuno zenkqubo yokuqhubela phambili elunxwemeni nakwi-offshore.Ngelixa, iHonghua Group Ltd., enekomkhulu eChengdu, eSichua, inobuchwephesha kwiirigi zokugrumba elunxwemeni nakwi-offshore kwaye ibandakanyeka ekuyileni nasekuveliseni iinkqubo eziphezulu zokuqhuba.IQela eliPhambili livelisa iinkqubo eziphezulu zokuqhuba phantsi kwecandelo leshishini lezixhobo eziphathwayo.Inkampani ibonelela nge-swivel yamandla asisiseko kunye neenkqubo ezipheleleyo zokuqhuba kwimarike.I-hydraulic kunye ne-electric top drive systems eyilwe kwaye yenziwe yi-Foremost ifanelekile kwi-100, i-150 kunye ne-300 yeetoni zamandla alinganisiweyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-27-2023